![]() In this example, STIC volume is appropriate because it has met all criteria. Sagittal plane of the heart will appear and this should be evaluated for motion artifacts. Next, after freezing image, one should click on the cross‐section of the aorta. To evaluate whether STIC volumes are appropriate for analysis using color Doppler Fetal Intelligent Navigation Echocardiography, sonologist should observe scrolling frames on screen to see if STICLoop criteria have been met (see text for details). Image on the screen begins with initial frame that was obtained by transducer and automatic scrolling through all frames occurs until last frame acquired in sweep is reached. Once STIC volume has been obtained, it is converted automatically into two‐dimensional cineloop that scrolls in continuous fashion. Spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) volume dataset combined with bidirectional power Doppler (S‐flow) imaging was acquired of apical four‐chamber view. Videoclip S1 STICLoop™ of normal fetal heart. A, transverse aortic arch Ao, aorta Desc., descending IVC, inferior vena cava LA, left atrium LV, left ventricle P, pulmonary artery PA, pulmonary artery RA, right atrium RV, right ventricle RVOT, right ventricular outflow tract S, superior vena cava SVC, superior vena cava Trans., transverse. However, there is no reversal of S‐flow Doppler signal or color aliasing. Coarctation of aorta is demonstrated in aortic arch view, with narrowing of transverse aortic arch. Both five‐chamber and left ventricular outflow tract views show narrow aortic root and aorta, respectively however, there is antegrade flow across aortic valve. Tricuspid regurgitation is evident during early to mid‐systole and, as a result, right atrium is dilated. In four‐chamber view, there is ventricular disproportion with left side of heart smaller than right however, there is normal left ventricular filling in diastole (not shown). Three vessels and trachea view shows narrowing of transverse aortic arch compared with main pulmonary artery however, antegrade flow is visualized. Spatiotemporal image correlation volume acquisition was performed in combination with S‐flow Doppler ultrasound. #Heart doppler skin#Fetus was affected by Turner syndrome, growth restriction, bilateral large cystic hygromas, bilateral pleural effusions and skin edema around head, face, abdomen, lower extremities and dorsum of feet. A, transverse aortic arch Ao, aorta Desc., descending IVC, inferior vena cava LA, left atrium LV, left ventricle P, pulmonary artery PA, pulmonary artery RA, right atrium RV, right ventricle RVOT, right ventricular outflow tract S, superior vena cava SVC, superior vena cava Trans., transverse.įigure S2 Application of color Doppler Fetal Intelligent Navigation Echocardiography method in a 19‐week fetus with coarctation of aorta and tricuspid regurgitation (diagnostic planes with automatic labeling shown) (see Videoclip S9). In addition, VIS‐Assistance (not shown here) confirmed stomach to be located on right side of the abdomen, as well as no inferior vena cava visualized throughout entire videoclip. Superior and inferior venae cavae view demonstrates prominent azygos vein arch (white arrows) draining into superior vena cava, as well as absence of inferior vena cava. VIS‐Assistance (not shown here) was helpful in demonstrating the ‘double vessel’ sign, liver location (midline and left upper quadrant area of abdomen) and cardiac apex pointing to left side of chest. In abdomen/stomach view, stomach is located abnormally on fetal right side. Both five‐chamber and left ventricular outflow tract views are normal, except for ‘double vessel’ sign. In four‐chamber view, ‘double vessel’ sign 74 is identified, with cross‐section of descending aorta on left side of the spine (red color) and adjacent dilated azygos vein on right side of the spine (absent Doppler signal). In three vessels and trachea view, azygos vein draining into superior vena cava is visualized on both grayscale and color Doppler, with opposite flow direction (red color) from that of pulmonary artery and transverse aortic arch (blue color). Spatiotemporal image correction volume was acquired with color Doppler ultrasound. Figure S1 Application of color Doppler Fetal Intelligent Navigation Echocardiography method in 25‐week fetus with asplenia and interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos vein continuation (diagnostic planes with automatic labeling are shown) (see Videoclip S8). ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |